By using Career Calling Scale (CCS) and Undergraduates’ Learning Adaptability Inventory (ULAI),365 freshmen majoring in clinical medicine in a university of 2020 were investigated to understand the current situation of medical students" professional mission and learning adaptability, and analyze the impact of medicine students’ professional mission on learning adaptability. The results showed that the sense of professional mission and learning adaptability of medical students were in the upper-middle level; the total score of professional mission was positively correlated with the total score of learning adaptability and the scores of various dimensions (P<0.05);professional mission is the influencing factor of learning adaptability. Educators in medical schools can improve the level of learning adaptability of medical students by cultivating their sense of professional mission.